SB 3 Continues to Move Ohio’s Justice Reform Effort in the Right Direction

In the coming days, perhaps as soon as this week, the Ohio Senate Judiciary Committee could consider SB 3. This bill reforms Ohio’s sentencing laws for low-level, nonviolent offenses and focuses limited prison resources and severe, mandatory minimum sentences for drug traffickers. FreedomWorks supports this approach. States like Georgia and Texas have shown that a focus on recidivism reduction and drug treatment programs while reserving prison space for the worst offenders enhances public safety.

More than 30 states have enacted some form of criminal justice reform. In January, FreedomWorks Foundation reviewed reforms in ten conservative states and found that many of the states which have passed the most ambitious reforms have seen their corrections budgets, incarceration rates, and crime rates all decline at the same time, providing an example for others to follow. Of course, the work in the states was further validated in December 2018 when Congress passed and President Donald Trump signed the landmark criminal justice reform bill, the First Step Act, S. 756, into law.

One of the states FreedomWorks Foundation highlighted in its report was Ohio. The Buckeye State previously reformed some aspects of its criminal justice system, when the Ohio Legislature passed HB 86, which, among its many features, lowered sentences for nonviolent drug offenses, reclassified some property offenses to misdemeanors, and expanded good time credits that allow an offender to earn up to five days of time served each month for the successful completion of productive activities, including adult literacy, GED and education programs, vocational programs, and drug and alcohol treatment programs.

SB 3 is the next logical step. The proposed reforms are based on the recommendations made in 2017 by the Ohio Criminal Justice Recodification Committee. Introduced by Sens. John Eklund (R-Munson Township) and Sean O’Brien (D-Bazetta), SB 3 would move away from restrictive felony sentences for certain low-level, nonviolent drug possession offenses, allowing judges to review the facts of each case to determine the best sentence, and ensuring that these first-time drug offenders are provided community-based alternatives to prison.

These are individuals who, for example, are in possession of drugs because they have an addiction themselves. The best way to address the underlying drug addiction is treatment, not incarceration. Some of these minor drug possession offenses would be reclassified as misdemeanors.

The impact of a felony drug conviction can be devastating, preventing someone from getting a job, an education, or housing and may lead to an individual being unable to pay rent, child support, or stay sober, leading to that individual becoming perpetually stuck in the cycle of crime and addiction. Reclassifying low-level drug offenses as misdemeanors would allow an individual to succeed, if he or she works to break free of addiction, without the burden of a felony on his or her record. SB 3 also allows an individual to seal his or her record more quickly after the completion of his or her sentence.

Drug trafficking is broken down into different categories in the bill — major trafficking, aggravated trafficking, and trafficking. Some drugs will be treated differently than others. On the whole, the drug trafficking provisions of SB 3 are tougher than current law, particularly when it comes to aggravated trafficking, but will better allow judges to distinguish between true drug traffickers and lower-level dealers who may be selling drugs to support their own addiction.

The Ohio House of Representatives has already acted on major criminal justice reform legislation, passing HB 1 in June 2019, which is now sitting in the Senate. HB 1 focuses on addressing addiction and expands record sealing. SB 3 is much broader and is a step in the right direction and would differentiate those who suffer from drug addiction from more serious drug offenses. FreedomWorks hopes both SB 3 and HB 1 are passed by both chambers and sent to Gov. Mike DeWine for his signature.